Ba Chua Xu Temple
Location: At the foot
of Sam Mountain, Vinh Te Commune, Chau Doc Town, Angiang Province, Vietnam.
Characteristics: Ba Chua Xu
Temple is constructed according to the Chinese character "quoc", has 4 square
roofs, roofed with blue pile-shaped tiles.
Ba Chua Xu Temple was built in 1820 on Sam
Mountain. According to a legend, in the early 1800s villagers found a statue of
a lady dating to the 6th century in the forest. They built a temple in her
honour, hoping that she would bring them better crops and better lives. This is
why the marble statue of Ba Chua Xu, meaning "country lady," is worshipped.
Ba Chua Xu Festival is organized annually at the end of the 4th lunar month;
worshippers touch her statue and ask for her protection and benediction.
Ba Chua Xu Temple Festival
Time: From the 23rd
to the 27th day of the fourth lunar month, main festival day is on
the 25th of the fourth lunar month.
Place: Ba Chua
Temple at Sam Mountain, Chau Doc, Angiang Province, Vietnam.
Objects of
worship: Ba Chua Xu (local goddess).
Characteristics: 5 strict and solemn rites.
Ba Chua Xu Temple (the local tutelary goddess) lies at the
foot of Sam Mountain, Chau Doc Town, Angiang Province.
It is said that the goddess is so sacred that anyone who offers incense to her
can realise all his/her wishes. Therefore, during the festival of Ba Chua Xu
(also called the Via Ba ceremony), numerous pilgrims from everywhere flock to
the temple. The festival is held annually from the 23rd to the 27th of the
fourth lunar month with the ceremonies as follows:
The statue of Ba Chua washing rite
This rite takes place at midnight of the 24th day. The first ritual is to
light two big candles in front of Ba Chua statue. It is followed by the rites of
offering incense, wine, tea, burning joss-sticks and praying. A group of four
or five women that selected before open the curtain to go inside and perform the
bathing ritual for the statue.
At the foot of the
statue is a small fragrant water basin. These women wash the statue of Ba Chua
and spray it with perfume. And then, they change the statue into a new robe and
hat. This rite often lasts one hour. After that, pilgrims burn incense pray for
good things. The procession from Thoai Ngoc Hau Mausoleum to Ba Chua Xu Temple.
At 3 p.m. of the same day, locals hold a procession that starts from Ba Temple
to Thoai Ngoc Hau Mausoleum. They want to express their gratitude to Thoai Ngoc
Hau who had merit to reclaim this land.
The members of procession offer incense and flowers to Thoai Ngoc Hau. Then,
they bring three tablets of Thoai Ngoc Hau, ladies Chau Thi Te and Truong Thi
Miet, and one tablet of those who had merit to help Thoai Ngoc Hau to the Ba
Temple. These four tablets are placed at the sanctuary.
Tuc Yet rite
The rite begins at midnight of the 25th and continues into the early morning
of the 26th. Participants dressed in smart traditional costumes stand on the two
sides and the master of ceremonies stands in front of the statue of Ba Chua. The
offerings include a white pig, a dish of pig's blood and a little hair, called
mao huyet, a tray of sticky rice, a tray of fruits, a tray of areca and betel, a
dish of rice and salt, which are place on a table before the statue.
The master of ceremonies and notables burn incense on the
altar. Following are the rituals of offering incense, wine, tea and an oration.
One person reads the oration, and then the master of ceremonies burns this
oration and votive papers. The pig is turned over before it is taken away. It
marks the end of the tuc yet rite.
Xay chau rite
The xay chau rite is performed after the tuc yet rite. In order to prepare
for this rite, people replace the table before the altar with a drum.
The master of
ceremonies holds two drumsticks and says his prayers before the altar. After
that, he dips a branch of willow into a water bowl on the left of the altar, and
sprinkles water on the floor.
When he finishes the ritual, he put the bowl and the willow branch on the altar,
and beats three salvos of drumbeat to begin the hat boi (classical opera)
performance.
Chanh te rite
The chanh te rite takes place at 4 a.m of the 26th with the rituals similar
to tuc yet rite. On the afternoon of the 27th day, the four tablets are brought
back to Thoai Ngoc Hau Mausoleum, marking the end of the festival.
During the festival days, many traditional cultural activities are organised, including unicorn dance, dance with dishes and cups. Ba Chua Xu Festival is rich in the national identity and the southern colours.
Source: Vietnam Administration of Tourism |